11. The majority of the lifetime of a program is spent in the __________ phase

A. Maintenance 

B. Analysis 

C. Design 

D. Testing 

12. In Boehm’s spiral model, each loop in the spiral represents _____ of the software process

A. phase 

B. design 

C. documentation 

D. none of the above 

13. Which of the following is seen in the DFD but not in the Context Diagram

A. Data Sources 

B. Data Flows 

C. Data Stores 

D. Users 

14. Data flow cannot take place between

A. a store & a process 

B. external entity & process 

C. store and an external entity 

D. peocess and process 

15. ‘Balancing of DFD’ is means

A. conservation of inputs and outputs at various levels 

B. Sub dividing a process into smaller subprocesses 

C. Labelling of all data items 

D. Allowing data flows to take place only to or from processes 

16. A data flow diagram is not a

A. logical model of a system 

B. good guide to a system 

C. representation of the physical system 

D. All of these options 

17. DFDs, decision tables, decision trees are tools of

A. Requirements analysis 

B. Requirements modelling 

C. Software Design 

D. All of the above 

18. Which model used to show data processing at different levels of abstraction from fairly abstract to fairly detailed

A. Semantic Data Models 

B. Object Model 

C. Semantic data 

D. Data Flow Models 

19. _______ models describe the logical structure of the data which is imported to and exported by the system

A. Object 

B. Semantic data 

C. Data flow 

D. None of the above 

20. Which of the following is true about E-R Diagrams?

A. They consist of object-relationship pairs 

B. It indicates cardinality of relationships 

C. It indicates modality of relationships 

D. all of the above 

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